PAYMENTS
DeFi protocols, smart-contract risk, on-chain liquidity, and where banks integrate (or intentionally don't) with the DeFi stack.
APPLIED AI
A hands-on account of building the EXTC platform on Ethereum ERC-223 in early 2018: how the token contract was structured, what the multi-signature and time-lock primitives were designed to do, and what the experiment revealed about blockchain's practical limits for payment networks.
APPLIED AI
The Express Transaction Credits (EXTC) platform was an early-2018 experiment in programmable payments on Ethereum, using ERC-223 smart contracts to enable instant cross-border transfers and atomic payment flows — ideas that decentralised finance later scaled.
APPLIED AI
Blockchain is an append-only ledger secured by cryptographic hash chains and distributed consensus — a design that makes tampering computationally expensive and auditable by anyone. Ethereum extended this foundation with a programmable execution layer, turning a simple payments record into a platform for smart contracts, tokens, and decentralised finance.
APPLIED AI
Bitcoin, often hailed as digital gold, initiated a financial revolution by introducing decentralized electronic cash and blockchain technology. It enabled online payments between individuals…
